ESTUDO RETROSPECTIVO DA PREVALÊNCIA DE RAIVA BOVINA NO ESTADO DE RONDÔNIA E SUA DISTRIBUIÇÃO ENTRE OS ANOS DE 2019 E 2021

Abstract

Rabies is an infectious disease caused by a virus, this is an important zoonosis for public health, having caused great economic losses for livestock. Rabies is invariably fatal and kills around 100,000 cattle per year in Latin America, which generates losses of around 30 million dollars. Among herbivores, rabies is mainly transmitted by the bite of vampire bats, especially Desmodus rotundus. There is no cure for the disease, which is fatal once clinical symptoms appear. Unlike small animals such as dogs, rabies in herbivores manifests itself as paralysis, falls, tremors, pedaling movements and dilated pupils. The objective of the work is based on information about the subject addressed in the literature and available records, guiding the population, academics and professionals in the agricultural environment with the care and precautions to be taken with the new outbreaks of the rabies virus in Rondônia. With the withdrawal and prohibition of vaccination against Foot and Mouth Disease at the end of 2019, an increase in the number of outbreaks of rabies in 2020 can be observed according to the data obtained, parallel to this, there was an increase in vaccination of bovine herd against the rabies virus in the same year, as properties where an outbreak is declared are now obliged to vaccinate against the rabies virus, as well as neighboring properties with epidemiological risk, reflecting the increase in vaccination in 2020, as well as health education, capture of bats and notifications to the Official Veterinary Service, with a decrease in the number of cases in 2021, showing the importance of these and other actions in combating the rabies virus.