PREVENTIVE MEASURES TO AVOID PRESSURE ULCERS ON THE FACE IN PATIENTS SUBMITTED TO NON-INVASIVE VENTILATION IN A HOSPITAL CONTEXT

Abstract

Background: In the permanent search for excellence in professional practice, the Nurse contributes to maximum effectiveness and efficiency in the organization of Nursing Care, having the duty to keep up to date on the various practices so that he can provide better quality care, thus maximizing the health gains. Non-Invasive Ventilation is a ventilation mode using a mask at the patient-ventilator interface without the need for artificial airways and sedation, thus improving patient comfort and reducing hospital stay. Preventive Measures are essential to prevent Pressure Ulcers on the face in patients undergoing Non-Invasive Ventilation in a hospital context. Objectives: Demonstrate the development of clinical skills of the General Care Nurse and carry out an Integrative Literature Review whose theme is related to a problem associated with the context of clinical practice. Methodology: Integrative Literature Review using the PICO methodology. PICO is an acronym for “Population”, who participates; “Intervention”, which was studied; “Comparison”, comparison between two interventions, which may or may not be part of the study; “Outcome”, what are the expected results. It serves to formulate the research question. The search was carried out in the CINAHL Complete and MEDLINE Complete databases through the EBSCOhost platform, in order to identify studies published until May 2021. 201 studies of scientific evidence were selected. The methodological quality of the analysis of the level of evidence of the articles is crucial and is an essential phase in the elaboration of the Literature Review, in order to identify the rigor and characteristics of the studies. Conclusion: Preventive measures should be used since scientifically there is great effectiveness in their use. Non-Invasive Ventilation is increasingly used in the management of acute and chronic respiratory problems, therefore, there is a greater need to deliberate evidence based on scientific evidence, through preventive measures to increase patient comfort and prevent the development of Pressure Ulcers on the face. It appears that prevention is the most effective element and it is estimated that 95% of pressure ulcers can be prevented, and nurses have this responsibility.