COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS BETWEEN OPEN AND LAPAROSCOPIC APPENDECTOMY IN RIO DE JANEIRO IN THE LAST 5 YEARS

Abstract

Appendectomy is one of the most performed surgeries in the world, as it occurs mainly due to acute appendicitis. As it is a very prevalent surgical emergency, it is necessary to analyze epidemiological data such as admissions, costs, mortality and average hospital stay of the forms of carrying it out: open or laparoscopic, which is the objective of the study, which used data from the DATASUS platform to this analysis. 30,347 appendectomies were performed in Rio de Janeiro from August 2016 to July 2021, with 28,672 open surgeries (94.4%), among these 5,843 urgent and 236 elective, and 1,675 videolaparoscopic (5.6%), 262 of which in urgent and 69 scheduled. The average cost of hospitalization was R$653.47 and R$640.72 in the same order. Hospital stay was 2.6 days for video and 3.8 days for open. There were 100 deaths (0.35%) due to open surgery and 3 (0.18%) via laparoscopy. In the last 10 years, the new world standard brings videolaparoscopy as the treatment of choice, however Rio de Janeiro still does not follow this reality due to the precariousness of infrastructure and training of surgeons. Furthermore, since this modality is less invasive, it reduces complications and hospital stay, despite its higher costs. The COVID-19 pandemic did not drastically change emergency surgeries, as this approach is essential in the treatment of acute appendicitis, unlike elective surgeries. Therefore, due to the benefits brought, one should seek to expand the performance of videolaparoscopy to remove the appendix aiming at the best for patients.