CAUSES AND CONSEQUENCES OF CRIMINALITY IN BRAZIL: A LITERATURE REVIEW

Abstract

This article presents an overview of the social space of criminality in Brazil, based on the teachings of the thinker Émile Durkheim, who emphasizes that crime is determined by collective conscience and is the result of urbanization and the social division of labor. Throughout the text, it is clear that this discussion is not recent, however, a new perspective on criminality in Brazil is needed. Therefore, this work is based on the literature of several researchers from different scientific areas who seek to understand and demonstrate the causes and consequences of this social phenomenon in Brazil. The results indicate a complexity of facts that determine the increase in crime. It is noteworthy that drug trafficking, the organization of criminal factions and the inefficiency of the State would be the main responsible for the systematic increase in violent crime. In relation to the places where the researches were carried out, it appears that most were developed in the Southeast Region, leaving regions considered violent outside this context, such as the North and Northeast regions of Brazil.