POSTOPERATIVE CHRONIC PAIN MANAGEMENT: A LITERATURE REVIEW

Abstract

Pain is a subjective and individual experience that is influenced by several factors, such as biological, psychological and social. In the surgical scenario, it is essential to identify the cause of acute and chronic pain. The classification that is based only on temporality has limitations, as it does not consider the pathophysiological mechanisms present in this condition, which, consequently, reflects on the outcome of the treatment instituted. A literature review was carried out, based on Anesthesiology and Surgery books, articles published electronically in the databases of PubMed, Scielo and Medline (National Library of Medicine - USA). To achieve pain control, we must consider some aspects that are directly linked to the efficacy of the drug chosen for analgesia. It is of utmost importance to carry out a careful and conscious evaluation of drugs at the moment of choice, as well as the education of health professionals on the topic of “pain”. To obtain the effectiveness of the treatment, the intensity, topography and source of pain should be considered. In general, based on the information obtained in this literature review, we can highlight a diverse range of pharmacological methods that are part of anesthetic planning to control postoperative pain, always aiming at reducing complications of the surgical process as well as patient satisfaction.