LOW-FODMAP DIET IN THE MANAGEMENT OF IRRITABLE BOWEL SYNDROME IN ADULTS: A NARRATIVE LITERATURE REVIEW

Abstract

 Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a frequent functional gastrointestinal condition characterized by recurrent abdominal pain, bloating and changes in bowel habits. Diet is one of the factors most commonly associated with symptom worsening, which makes the low-FODMAP diet a relevant strategy in clinical management. This narrative review aimed to discuss the role of the low-FODMAP diet in adults with IBS, considering clinical efficacy, comparison with other approaches, adherence, gut microbiota and the need for individualized treatment. A bibliographic search was performed in PubMed and BVS/LILACS Plus on July 7, 2026, using terms related to irritable bowel syndrome, IBS, FODMAP, low-FODMAP diet, probiotics, gluten-free diet, Mediterranean diet, dietary advice, pharmacological treatment, quality of life and treatment outcomes. The studies were selected narratively, prioritizing clinical trials, randomized trials and relevant support publications. The literature indicates that the low-FODMAP diet may reduce gastrointestinal symptoms, especially abdominal pain, gas, bloating and bowel habit changes. However, its superiority is not absolute, since other dietary strategies, probiotics, pharmacological treatment and non-dietary therapies may show similar results in selected patients. The low-FODMAP diet is therefore a useful tool in IBS management, but should be applied with professional guidance, gradual food reintroduction and individualized dietary planning.