NURSING ROLE IN THE EARLY IDENTIFICATION AND PREVENTION OF SELF-MUTILATION AMONG ADOLESCENTS IN PRIMARY CARE

Abstract

Adolescent self-harm is a significant public health issue, requiring early identification and prevention strategies within the context of primary health care. This study aimed to analyze how nursing can contribute to the early identification and prevention of self-harm among adolescents in primary health care. This is an integrative literature review. The search was conducted in scientific databases using strategies based on descriptors related to nursing, self-harm, and adolescence, resulting in the selection of 10 studies. The analysis revealed that nursing professionals face challenges associated with insufficient training, limited knowledge, and inadequate institutional support when caring for adolescents with self-injurious behavior. The findings highlighted the importance of early identification through qualified listening, observation of behavioral, emotional, and social changes, as well as the screening of vulnerability factors and psychological distress. Preventive actions focused on health education, self-esteem promotion, and the development of socioemotional skills were also emphasized. Furthermore, the findings underscored the need for comprehensive care involving coordination with support networks, family engagement, referral to specialized services, and the establishment of a therapeutic relationship. Nursing practice in primary health care was identified as an essential strategy for preventing self-harm among adolescents.