APPROACH TO ACUTE OBSTRUCTIVE ABDOMEN: PROPOSED TREATMENT PROTOCOL FOR THE BACABAL GENERAL HOSPITAL

Abstract

This article aimed to develop a standardized protocol for the care of patients with acute obstructive abdomen at the Bacabal General Hospital, aiming to optimize diagnosis, therapeutic management, and clinical outcomes. This is a methodological development research, based on an integrative literature review and analysis of the institutional care scenario, structured in three stages: collection and selection of scientific evidence, analysis of the care context, and modeling of a clinical algorithm adapted to the local reality. As a result, a care protocol organized in a linear flowchart was developed, encompassing admission and clinical triage, diagnostic imaging, and therapeutic decision-making. The protocol establishes criteria for severity stratification, standardization of laboratory tests, hierarchical use of imaging methods, and definition of immediate therapeutic actions, including fluid resuscitation, gastric decompression, antibiotic therapy, and criteria for conservative treatment or surgical intervention. In addition, pharmacological approaches for pain control, nausea, and intestinal pseudo-obstruction were standardized. It is concluded that the flowchart is applicable in the care context of the Bacabal General Hospital, contributing to the standardization of procedures, reduction of therapeutic delays, and potential improvement in clinical outcomes and institutional morbidity and mortality rates.