RISK OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE ASSOCIATED WITH THE HALOPERIDOL USE IN PATIENTS WITH SCHIZOPHRENIA

Abstract

This article will present reflections and clinical challenges arising from the analysis of scientific evidence regarding the risks of cardiovascular disease associated with the use of the antipsychotic Haloperidol in patients diagnosed with schizophrenia, made possible through an epidemiological and pharmacoepidemiological survey of data from recent literature. From this perspective, the aim of this work is to promote a critical and contextualized understanding of how exposure to this typical drug significantly increases the likelihood of serious cardiac outcomes, demonstrating a strong correlation with the development of ischemic heart disease, heart failure, and critical and dose-dependent prolongation of the QTc interval. Seeking to articulate the statistical findings with clinical practice, the study discusses the impact of Haloperidol in highly vulnerable populations, showing that the risk of ventricular arrhythmias, cardiac arrest, and sudden death is drastically amplified in elderly patients, in the presence of pre-existing cardiovascular comorbidities, or when associated with psychotropic polypharmacy. Therefore, it becomes clear that there is an urgent need to redefine prescribing practices in schizophrenia, emphasizing that regular electrocardiographic screening, monitoring of risk factors such as hypokalemia, and maintaining minimum effective doses are crucial strategies to mitigate cardiovascular morbidity and mortality and ensure patient safety