KNOWLEDGE AND PRACTICES RELATED TO SKIN CANCER PREVENTION AMONG ARTISANAL FISHERMEN IN SEPETIBA BAY, RIO DE JANEIRO, BRAZIL

Abstract

Skin cancer is the most common malignancy in Brazil and is strongly associated with prolonged exposure to ultraviolet radiation, representing an important public health concern among workers who perform outdoor activities. Objective: To analyze the knowledge and skin cancer prevention practices among artisanal fishermen from Sepetiba Bay, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Method: A cross-sectional, descriptive, and exploratory study with a quantitative approach was conducted with 30 artisanal fishermen from Sepetiba Bay, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire containing sociodemographic, occupational, and health-related information, as well as questions regarding knowledge about skin cancer, exposure to ultraviolet radiation, and the use of photoprotective measures. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, including absolute and relative frequencies. Results: Most participants were male (83.3%) and had incomplete elementary education (36.7%). The majority reported being aware of skin cancer (96.7%) and the risks associated with ultraviolet radiation (76.7%). However, only 53.3% reported adopting protective measures against sun exposure, 16.7% regularly performed skin self-examinations, and 13.3% sought healthcare services on a regular basis. Furthermore, only 6.7% were familiar with the national skin cancer awareness campaign Orange December, highlighting gaps in prevention and self-care practices. Conclusion: Artisanal fishermen are vulnerable to the development of skin cancer due to prolonged occupational exposure to ultraviolet radiation. Although participants demonstrated knowledge about the disease, weaknesses were identified regarding the adoption of photoprotective measures and self-care practices. Continuous health education strategies and strengthened occupational health promotion actions may contribute to reducing occupational risks and preventing skin cancer in this population.