CHANGES IN NUTRITIONAL STATUS BODY COMPOSITION AND QUALITY OF LIFE AFTER BARIATRIC SURGERY: A LITERATURE REVIEW

Abstract

This article sought to analyze, through a literature review, the changes in nutritional status and body composition of patients undergoing bariatric surgery, as well as their impacts on quality of life. The methodology consisted of a narrative review with a qualitative approach, based on searches in databases such as PubMed and SciELO for studies published between 2010 and 2025. ​The main results demonstrate that, although surgery is effective for sustained weight loss and the control of comorbidities such as type 2 diabetes, it poses significant risks of micronutrient deficiencies (iron, B12, vitamin D, and calcium) and loss of lean mass, which can lead to sarcopenia. ​It is concluded that the success of the procedure is not restricted to weight reduction but depends intrinsically on continuous nutritional monitoring and multidisciplinary action. Constant vigilance and adherence to supplementation are fundamental pillars to mitigate metabolic complications, preserve physical functionality, and ensure long-term improvement in the quality of life.