CLASSICAL SWINE FEVER IN PIAUÍ: DOCUMENTARY ANALYSIS OF THE EPIDEMIOLOGICAL PROFILE FROM 2019 TO 2024.

Abstract

Classical Swine Fever is a viral disease of high sanitary and economic importance, affecting pig farming and compromising the international trade of pork. This study aimed to analyze the epidemiological profile of the disease in the state of Piauí, from 2019 to 2024, through documentary research based on data from the World Organisation for Animal Health. Epidemiological indicators were evaluated, as well as the temporal and spatial distribution of outbreaks and the control measures adopted. The results showed the occurrence of 44 outbreaks distributed across 16 municipalities, totaling 720 confirmed cases, 484 deaths, and 735 animals subjected to sanitary culling, with a higher concentration of cases in the years 2019 and 2024. A heterogeneous spatial distribution was observed, with recurrence of outbreaks in certain municipalities, in addition to high lethality, indicating the severity of the disease. Additionally, a new outbreak was identified in 2026, reinforcing the persistence of viral circulation in the state. It is concluded that the disease is endemic in the region, with intermittent outbreaks, making it necessary to intensify epidemiological surveillance and biosecurity actions for the control and eradication of the disease.