TEMPOROMANDIBULAR DISORDER AND ITS IMPACTS ON MENTAL HEALTH AND QUALITY OF LIFE: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

Abstract

Introduction: Temporomandibular disorder (TMD) consists of a set of alterations affecting the temporomandibular joint, masticatory muscles, and associated structures, and is one of the main causes of chronic orofacial pain. Scientific evidence indicates that psychological factors such as anxiety, depression, stress, and sleep disturbances have a significant influence on the onset, maintenance, and worsening of TMD, negatively impacting the quality of life of affected individuals. Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze, through an integrative literature review, the relationship between temporomandibular disorder, mental health, and quality of life. Methodology: The search was conducted in the SciELO, LILACS, and PubMed databases, including studies published in Portuguese and English that addressed the association between TMD, orofacial pain, and psychological aspects. The data were organized and analyzed using descriptive and thematic approaches. Results: The findings demonstrated a consistent association between painful TMD and symptoms of mental health disorders, particularly anxiety, depression, stress, catastrophizing, burnout, and poor sleep quality. These factors were associated with greater pain intensity, functional limitation, and significant impairments in quality of life. Studies also indicated that interdisciplinary and biopsychosocial therapeutic approaches yield positive outcomes in pain management and overall patient well-being. Conclusion: It is concluded that temporomandibular disorder should be understood as a biopsychosocial condition. Therefore, integrating therapeutic strategies that address not only physical aspects but also emotional and psychosocial factors is essential to promote comprehensive health and improve the quality of life of affected individuals.