PERCEPTION OF DOG AND CAT HOARDERS REGARDING ZOONOSES IN NORTHEASTERN PARÁ, AMAZON, BRAZIL

Abstract

Hoarding of animals constitutes a public health issue within the One Health framework, due to the sanitary risks associated with high animal density, inadequate hygiene and sanitation conditions, and socioeconomic vulnerabilities. This study aimed to assess the perception of dog and cat hoarders regarding zoonoses in the municipality of Castanhal, Pará, Brazilian Amazon. A total of 20 individuals who hoarded dogs and/or cats participated in the research. Data collection was conducted by a multiprofessional team through the application of a semi-structured questionnaire addressing sociodemographic aspects, animal management, sanitary conditions, and knowledge about zoonoses, in addition to direct observation of environmental conditions and animal health status. The results showed that, although all participants reported knowing the term “zoonoses,” only 25% provided a definition consistent with the technical concept, while the majority associated it with institutional actions. A discrepancy was observed between declared knowledge and daily practices, characterized by the absence of adequate biosafety measures, improper waste management, high animal density, and limited access to veterinary services. Additionally, factors such as low educational level, reduced income, and social isolation contributed to increased sanitary vulnerability. It is concluded that there is a gap between scientific knowledge and hoarders’ perception of zoonoses, reflected in practices that increase risks to human, animal, and environmental health. The findings indicate the need for intersectoral strategies in health education, surveillance, and social assistance, aligned with the One Health approach, aiming to mitigate risks and promote adequate sanitary conditions.