INFLUENCE OF SOCIAL DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH ON ACCESS TO PRIMARY HEALTH CARE SERVICES IN BRAZIL

Abstract

This study analyzed the influence of social determinants of health on access to Primary Health Care services in Brazil, based on a narrative literature review. Health is understood as a social right and is strongly influenced by factors such as income, education, housing conditions, work, and access to essential services. In this context, social determinants play a central role in the production of health inequalities, especially affecting populations in vulnerable situations. The research, with a qualitative approach, was conducted between January and March 2026, based on articles published between 2016 and 2022, selected from databases such as SciELO, BVS, and LILACS. In total, 12 studies were included in the analysis, organized into thematic categories addressing social determinants, access to services, the role of Primary Health Care, and the influence of these factors on health access. The results show that access to health services is multidimensional, involving geographic, economic, organizational, and sociocultural aspects. Factors such as low income, lower education levels, location in less developed regions, and poor living conditions hinder access and the proper use of services. Despite advances promoted by Primary Health Care and the Family Health Strategy, challenges remain regarding service organization, resource distribution, and quality of care. It is concluded that reducing health inequalities requires intersectoral actions that go beyond the health sector, promoting improvements in living conditions and strengthening public policies aimed at equity in access to health services.