INFORMATION SECURITY IN INTERNET OF THINGS (IoT) ENVIRONMENTS: CHALLENGES, VULNERABILITIES AND PROTECTION STRATEGIES

Abstract

The Internet of Things (IoT) has significantly advanced connectivity between devices and digital systems, enabling process automation and the generation of large volumes of data in various sectors such as industry, healthcare, transportation, and smart homes. However, the rapid growth of this technology has also increased challenges related to information security, since many connected devices present vulnerabilities that can be exploited by cyberattacks. In this context, this study aims to analyze the main challenges, vulnerabilities, and protection strategies related to information security in Internet of Things environments. The methodology adopted is based on a literature review, conducted through the analysis of books, scientific articles, and academic works addressing IoT security. The results indicate that authentication failures, lack of security updates, inadequate use of encryption, and hardware limitations are factors that contribute to increasing vulnerabilities in these systems. In addition, cyberattacks can compromise the integrity, confidentiality, and availability of information transmitted across IoT networks. The study also highlights the importance of data protection and user privacy, as well as the need to develop new security approaches capable of addressing the specific characteristics of IoT environments. It is concluded that the implementation of effective security mechanisms, combined with the adoption of risk management practices and the development of emerging technologies, is essential to ensure the safe and reliable use of Internet of Things applications.