CARDIAC RISK IN 3 SECONDS: IDENTIFYING FRANK'S SIGN AS A SCREENING METHOD IN DENTISTRY – A NARRATIVE REVIEW

Abstract

This integrative review studied the relationship between Frank's Sign (diagonal crease in the earlobe) and cardiovascular risk. Twelve studies published between 2023 and 2025 were analyzed after a systematized search in the PubMed, Lilacs and Cochrane databases. Although there is a consistent association between Frank's Sign and coronary artery disease (CAD), its diagnostic accuracy as an isolated marker is questionable. The included studies demonstrated the correlation of Frank's Sign with severe CAD, obstructive CAD, atherosclerosis, family history of chronic diseases, high cardiovascular risk indexes, obesity, and hypertension. One study highlighted its usefulness as a semiological tool in Dentistry. 3D imaging techniques demonstrated potential to improve diagnostic accuracy. The review concluded that Frank's Sign, although not a definitive marker, shows that it is a valuable clue, as a relevant indication for the assessment of cardiovascular risk and can contribute to prevention and early diagnosis, especially when considered together with other risk factors.