EFFECTS OF TIRZEPATIDE ON WEIGHT LOSS AND BODY COMPOSITION: CLINICAL AND FUNCTIONAL IMPLICATIONS

Abstract

Introduction: Obesity is a multifactorial chronic disease associated with metabolic and structural alterations, impacting body composition. Tirzepatide, a dual agonist of GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide-1) and GIP (glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide) receptors, has stood out as an innovative therapy, promoting significant weight loss. However, it is essential to understand its effects on body composition, especially on the preservation of lean mass. Objective: To analyze the effects of tirzepatide on weight loss and body composition, discussing its clinical, functional, and metabolic implications in the treatment of obesity. Methods: Integrative literature review, based on articles published between 2024 and 2025, including systematic reviews, narratives, and observational studies on tirzepatide in overweight and obese individuals. Weight loss parameters, fat mass, lean mass, and functional impacts were evaluated. Results: Tirzepatide promotes significant weight loss, superior to isolated GLP-1 agonists, mainly due to a reduction in fat mass. There is evidence of relative preservation of lean mass with adequate protein intake and exercise. Metabolic and functional improvements were also observed. Conclusion: Tirzepatide has high therapeutic potential in the management of obesity, with relevant clinical and functional benefits. Its use should be associated with nutritional strategies and physical activity to optimize results and prevent sarcopenia.