BARIATRIC SURGERY AND BMI CONTROL: LONG-TERM OUTCOME EVALUATION

Abstract

Introduction: Bariatric surgery is a widely used procedure for the treatment of morbid obesity, aimed at promoting weight loss and improving the overall health of patients. In Brazil, the prevalence of obesity has significantly increased, making the evaluation of bariatric surgery outcomes a relevant public health issue. Studies indicate that the effectiveness of the surgery extends beyond weight loss, also involving the management of associated comorbidities, such as type 2 diabetes and hypertension. Objective: To analyze the results of bariatric surgery in patients treated at a gastroenterology clinic in western Paraná, evaluating the evolution of the Body Mass Index (BMI) and the rates of return to medical consultations over five years post-operatively. Methodology: This is a descriptive and quantitative study, with data collection from the medical records of 130 patients who underwent bariatric surgery. Participants were selected based on defined inclusion and exclusion criteria, and the analyzed data included sociodemographic information, pre- and post-operative BMI, and follow-up records. Results analysis and discussion: The results showed a significant reduction in BMI in the first post-operative year, but a progressive weight regain over the subsequent years. A return rate to medical consultations dropped from 100% in the first year to less than one-third in the fifth year, highlighting the need for strategies to improve adherence to clinical follow-up. Additionally, comparisons between surgical techniques (Sleeve and Capella) revealed that, despite the higher frequency of the Sleeve technique, patients who underwent the Capella technique achieved better long-term BMI results. Final considerations: The findings reinforce the importance of continuous follow-up and adherence to treatment after bariatric surgery. The research highlights the need for targeted interventions that can enhance patient retention in consultations, which is crucial to maximize the benefits of the surgery and ensure long-term health maintenance.