EFFECTS OF A LOW-CARB DIET IN THE TREATMENT OF TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS: NARRATIVE REVIEW

Abstract

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by a deficiency in insulin production or action, with hyperglycemia as its main manifestation. The Low Carb diet can help manage diabetes mellitus by reducing carbohydrate intake, promoting better glycemic control. Objective: To verify the effects of the Low Carb diet in the treatment of patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Methodology: A narrative literature review was conducted, selecting studies from academic databases such as BVS, SCIELO, and LILACS, published between 2015 and 2025, in Portuguese or English. Results: In general, the analyzed studies reinforce the effectiveness of the Low Carb diet as a nutritional strategy in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus, showing significant improvements in glycemic control and insulin sensitivity. However, low participant adherence, attributed to strict dietary restrictions and lack of continuous follow-up, was a recurring challenge highlighted in the analyzed research. Conclusion: The low carb diet is a promising strategy in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus, presenting metabolic and cardiovascular benefits. However, its prescription must be individualized and monitored by healthcare professionals. More longitudinal studies are needed to confirm the safety and efficacy of this intervention in the long term.