EPIDEMIOLOGICAL PROFILE ANALYSIS OF ADOLESCENT PREGNANCY IN THE POPULATION OF THE MUNICIPALITY OF JUAZEIRO – BA OVER A 5-YEAR PERIOD

Abstract

Data from the Brazilian Ministry of Health show that, in 2023, more than 289,000 births occurred among girls aged 15 to 19 in Brazil, highlighting the relevance of the topic and the need for more effective public policies. The general objective of this study was to analyze the epidemiological profile of adolescent pregnancy in Juazeiro over the past five years, based on data from DATASUS. To achieve this objective, the following specific goals were established: to verify the number of births from adolescent mothers in Juazeiro and Salvador, to analyze the types of pregnancy and compare the municipalities, to investigate the sex of newborns and the occurrence of congenital anomalies, and to examine the duration of pregnancy, identifying cases of prematurity, full-term, or post-term births. The research was characterized as descriptive, with a quantitative approach, using secondary data obtained from the Department of Informatics of the Unified Health System (DATASUS) through the TABNET tool. Adolescent mothers aged 15 to 19 years residing in Juazeiro and Salvador were considered. The variables included the total number of births, type of pregnancy (single, twin, triplet, or more), sex of newborns, presence of congenital anomalies, and gestational duration in weeks. The results showed that Salvador presented an absolute number of births from adolescent mothers much higher than Juazeiro in all years, although both cities exhibited similar epidemiological patterns. It is concluded that adolescent pregnancy in Juazeiro reflects social vulnerabilities and limitations in access to specialized health services, reinforcing the importance of integrated public policies.