DENTOALVEOLAR TRAUMA IN CHILDHOOD: FUNCTIONAL AND AESTHETIC IMPACTS

Abstract

Dental trauma in children represents a highly prevalent public health challenge, with direct impact on esthetics, masticatory function, and psychosocial development. This study aimed to investigate the main causes, consequences, and therapeutic approaches associated with these injuries in pediatric patients, highlighting the importance of early diagnosis and appropriate clinical management for functional and esthetic recovery. An integrative literature review was carried out through a systematic search in national and international databases, focusing on publications from 2010 to 2025. The findings indicated that falls, recreational activities, sports, accidents, and episodes of domestic violence are among the most frequent causes, with a higher incidence in anterior teeth. The consequences of these traumas extend beyond biological damage, encompassing emotional and social repercussions that affect both children and their families. Regarding treatment, individualized approaches are required, taking into account the nature and severity of the injury, ranging from emergency measures to long-term functional and esthetic rehabilitation. It is concluded that interdisciplinary management and the continuous training of health professionals are essential to improve prognosis and reduce sequelae. In addition, preventive and educational policies aimed at comprehensive child health care are of great relevance.