THE CHALLENGES AND CONTROVERSY OF THE AGRARIAN REFORM LAW

Abstract

This undergraduate thesis addresses the social, legal, and political relevance of agrarian reform in Brazil. The persistence of historical land inequalities, combined with the recent increase in land occupations and the judicialization of rural conflicts, demands a critical analysis of the effectiveness of the laws that regulate agrarian reform in the country. Currently, Brazil is experiencing intense political and social polarization, which is also reflected in agrarian issues. On one side, there are movements that defend the right to private property and the inviolability of land; on the other, organized social groups demand the redistribution of unproductive or irregularly acquired land for settlement purposes and family farming. In this context, this research aims to analyze the challenges and controversies surrounding the Agrarian Reform Law, the right to property, and the collective interest, in light of the growing number of land occupations and the judicialization of rural conflicts. Given the above, it is important to highlight that Agrarian Reform is a legal and political instrument aimed at land redistribution, with the goal of correcting historical inequalities and promoting sustainable rural development. However, its implementation has sparked intense debates among various sectors of society, especially due to land conflicts and differing interpretations regarding the legality of certain actions.