ADVANCES IN EARLY DETECTION OF ORAL CANCER: TECHNOLOGIES AND CHALLENGES

Abstract

Objective: To address advances in the early detection of oral cancer, focusing on the available new technologies, and to discuss the main challenges that hinder timely diagnosis of the disease. Methodology: A qualitative narrative literature review was conducted through systematic searches in the PubMed, SciELO, Virtual Health Library (BVS), and CAPES Journal Portal databases. The descriptors used were “oral cancer,” “early diagnosis,” “technology,” “teledentistry,” “artificial intelligence,” “oral self-exam,” “mHealth,” and “access to health,” in Portuguese, English, and Spanish. Recent articles directly related to early detection of oral cancer and technologies applied to diagnosis were selected. Literature Review: Oral cancer presents high incidence and mortality rates, often with late diagnosis. New technologies, such as artificial intelligence, teledentistry, and biosensors, have shown potential to improve accuracy and access to early diagnosis. However, challenges such as population unawareness, lack of professional training, and structural barriers still hinder effective disease detection. Final Considerations: It is concluded that the integration of technological innovations with educational strategies and professional training is essential to promote early detection of oral cancer, ensuring better prognosis and reduced mortality. The proactive role of the dentist and the expansion of access to diagnosis are fundamental steps to face the existing challenges.