EPIDEMIOLOGICAL PROFILE OF PATIENTS WITH FACIAL TRAUMA IN THE SÃO FRANCISCO VALLEY

Abstract

Facial trauma is a prevalent condition in emergency care, often resulting in significant physical, emotional, and social repercussions. With diverse etiologies—including accidents, falls, and acts of violence—such injuries warrant critical attention due to their direct impact on patients' quality of life. This study aimed to characterize the profile of patients residing in the São Francisco Valley who experienced facial trauma between 2019 and 2024. Using a retrospective, cross-sectional design, data were extracted from the Hospital Information System (SIH), available through the Informatics Department of the Brazilian Unified Health System (DATASUS). Specific filters were applied to retrieve records related to patients with facial bone fractures (ICD-10: S02) in Juazeiro-BA and Petrolina-PE during the specified period. The extracted data included the number of hospitalizations and demographic variables such as sex and age. The findings revealed a higher prevalence of cases among males and young adults, particularly those aged 20 to 29, with Petrolina showing a higher hospitalization rate compared to Juazeiro. Temporal variations in the number of recorded cases were observed, potentially influenced by external factors such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Characterizing the epidemiological profile of facial trauma is therefore essential for guiding the development of targeted preventive measures and for facilitating the implementation of more effective, evidence-based care strategies. These efforts should be grounded in a collaborative, multidisciplinary approach to effectively address these complex challenges.