RECENT ADVANCES IN SHIP HULL DESIGN FOR ENERGY EFFICIENCY: A LITERATURE REVIEW

Abstract

The design of ship hulls plays a fundamental role in the energy efficiency of vessels, directly influencing fuel consumption, operational autonomy, and the reduction of atmospheric pollutant emissions. This article presents a literature review on recent advances in hull hydrodynamic design, with an emphasis on solutions aimed at minimizing drag and maximizing energy efficiency. Trends such as hull form optimization through advanced numerical simulations, the development of special coatings, the application of innovative materials, and the incorporation of flow control technologies are discussed. The analysis of recent studies shows that the naval industry has focused on developing more efficient and sustainable vessels, driven by the growing demand for environmentally responsible operations and the pursuit of operational cost reductions. It is observed that continuous innovations in hull design are essential to ensure the improvement of hydrodynamic performance, the sustainability of maritime operations, and the global competitiveness of the naval sector, especially in the face of contemporary environmental challenges.