THE LEGALIZATION OF GAMBLING IN BRAZIL: LEGISLATIVE PROPOSALS ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL IMPACTS

Abstract

This article explores the process of legalizing gambling in Brazil, addressing its economic, social, and legal implications, with an emphasis on the need for adequate regulation. The Brazilian Criminal Offenses Law prohibits several types of gambling, resulting in the expansion of the underground market and the consolidation of illicit activities. The lack of an effective regulatory framework, combined with difficulties in monitoring, contributed to the spread of these practices, influenced by the profits from unregulated gambling. Observation of international models, such as those of the United States, Macau (China), and the United Kingdom, shows that regulation can generate revenue and promote tourism. However, it also reveals challenges in controlling illicit activities and mitigating social risks, especially with regard to the exploitation of vulnerable players. In Brazil, regulation has advanced intermittently, reflecting the lack of consensus among legislators. The recent approval of Law No. 14,790/2023, which regulates fixed-odds betting on online sporting events (bets), represents progress, but in a restricted way, as it is limited to this modality. Although legalization offers significant economic potential, it is clear that its effectiveness depends on the adoption of strict regulations, accompanied by the development and implementation of socio-educational public policies aimed at preventing the social risks inherent in the practice of gambling. Strategies such as awareness campaigns on responsible gambling, the inclusion of educational content in educational institutions and the implementation of psychological support programs are essential measures to mitigate the negative impacts of the practice. Therefore, the paper understands that the eventual legalization of gambling represents an opportunity for economic growth, as long as it is accompanied by strict and effective regulations, which also cover proficient financial control and social protection measures, ensuring an equitable scenario between economic benefits and the protection of players.