POSTERIOR URETHRAL VALVE: EVALUATION AND TREATMENT

Abstract

Introduction: Posterior urethral valve is a congenital anomaly of the male urinary tract that results in obstruction of urinary flow. This condition, which occurs due to abnormal development of tissue in the posterior urethra, can lead to significant complications, such as hydronephrosis, urinary infections, and renal dysfunction. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment are essential to prevent permanent kidney damage and improve the quality of life of those affected. The therapeutic approach, which may range from conservative measures to surgical interventions, depends on the severity of the obstruction and the presence of associated complications. Objective: To analyze evidence on the evaluation and treatment of posterior urethral valve. Methodology: The methodology followed the PRISMA checklist, including a search in databases such as PubMed, SciELO, and Web of Science. The descriptors used included "posterior urethral valve", "urinary obstruction", "diagnosis", "treatment", and "complications". Inclusion criteria were: articles published in the last ten years, studies that addressed the diagnosis and treatment of posterior urethral valve, and publications in English or Portuguese. Exclusion criteria were: articles that did not present original data, studies conducted in non-pediatric populations, and reviews without concrete data on treatment. Results: The results revealed that the diagnosis of posterior urethral valve was usually made by means of ultrasonography and cystourethrography. Treatment varied according to the severity of the condition, with surgical options, such as valve resection, often indicated. Complications, such as renal failure and hypertension, were common in cases not treated early. Conclusion: The conclusion highlighted that early detection and treatment are crucial to improve long-term outcomes. The literature highlights the importance of rigorous and multidisciplinary monitoring, reinforcing the need for effective management protocols for this condition.