EVALUATION OF THE MUTAGENIC AND CARCINOGENIC POTENTIAL OF ESOMEPRAZOLE IN SOMATIC CELLS OF DROSOPHILA METHOGASTER

Abstract

Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) have been widely used since the 1980s for the treatment of gastrointestinal conditions, such as reflux and ulcers, due to their high efficacy and low toxicity. Among them, Esomeprazole, a pure enantiomer, stands out for its superior gastric acid suppression compared to other PPIs like Omeprazole. However, prolonged use of these drugs has raised concerns about side effects, including renal injury and increased neoplasia risk due to hypergastrinemia. This study evaluated the carcinogenic and anticarcinogenic potential of Esomeprazole in Drosophila melanogaster using the Epithelial Tumor Test (ETT). Different concentrations of Esomeprazole were administered, both alone and in combination with doxorubicin (DXR). The results demonstrated that low doses increased tumor frequency, whereas higher doses inhibited cell proliferation and induced apoptosis. The combination with DXR enhanced the antitumor effects, suggesting a hormetic effect for Esomeprazole. This study underscores the need for further research into the long-term use of PPIs and their associated risks.