ATRIAL FIBRILLATION: A LITERATURE REVIEW FOCUSED ON PREDISPOSING MECHANISMS

Abstract

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is considered the most frequent arrhythmia to be treated in clinical practice and is associated with a potential increased risk of death, stroke and peripheral embolism. The Global Burden of Disease study shows that the estimated prevalence of AF is up to 33.5 million patients. Identification of modifiable risk factors for the onset of AF and appropriate preventive measures can play a significant role in improving patients' health and reducing health care system expenditures. Several mechanisms, including electrical and structural remodeling of atrial tissue, have been proposed to contribute to the onset of AF. This literature review article discusses the predisposing factors in AF, such as a sedentary lifestyle and eating habits, considering their different pathogenic mechanisms.