CORONARY SYNDROME IN PATIENTS WITH AORTIC DISSECTION HISTORY

Abstract

Introduction: Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is a critical condition resulting from a sudden reduction in blood flow to the heart, often associated with myocardial infarction and unstable angina. Patients with a history of aortic dissection, a rare and serious condition characterized by separation of the layers of the aortic wall, are at increased risk for developing coronary heart disease. Understanding the interaction between these two conditions is crucial to improve diagnosis and treatment. Objective: The systematic literature review aimed to analyze the relationship between acute coronary syndrome and a history of aortic dissection, exploring the clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic characteristics of these patients. Methodology: The methodology followed the PRISMA checklist to ensure a rigorous and systematic review. Searches were performed in the PubMed, Scielo and Web of Science databases. The descriptors used included Acute myocardial infarction, Unstable angina, Myocardial ischemia, Atherosclerosis, Cardiovascular risk factors. Articles published in the last 10 years that addressed the association between coronary syndrome and aortic dissection were included. Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria: The inclusion criteria were: Studies that presented cases of coronary syndrome in patients with a history of aortic dissection; Articles that provided clinical data and treatment outcomes; Peer-reviewed publications. The following were excluded: Studies that did not specify the history of aortic dissection; Articles not focused on coronary syndrome; Publications older than a decade. Results: The main results revealed that patients with a history of aortic dissection have an increased prevalence of acute coronary syndrome, with more frequent coronary complications and a higher mortality rate. Early identification and effective management are essential to reduce the risk of adverse events. Conclusion: In summary, acute coronary syndrome in patients with a history of aortic dissection represents a significant challenge for clinical practice. The interaction between these conditions requires an integrated approach to diagnosis and treatment, emphasizing the need for personalized strategies to improve clinical outcomes. The systematic review highlighted the relevance of future studies to optimize the management of these complex patients.