STEVENS-JOHNSON SYNDROME: CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS AND SURGICAL IMPLICATIONS

Abstract

Introduction: Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) is a rare and severe condition characterized by a severe adverse reaction affecting the skin and mucous membranes. Initially described as a severe form of rash, SJS can progress to a syndrome of immune instability and requires urgent medical attention. Management of clinical manifestations and their surgical implications are crucial, given that the syndrome can affect multiple organs and generate significant complications, such as secondary infections and ocular problems. Objective: To examine the clinical manifestations of Stevens-Johnson syndrome and its surgical implications, identifying the main factors that influence management and clinical outcomes. Methodology: The PRISMA checklist was used to conduct the systematic review. The PubMed, Scielo, and Web of Science databases were searched. The five descriptors used were: "Stevens-Johnson syndrome", "Clinical Manifestations", "Surgical Implications", "Treatment", and "Complications". The selection of articles considered publications from the last ten years. Results: The review revealed that clinical manifestations of SJS frequently include high fever, extensive skin rashes, and mucosal lesions. Surgical implications are varied, with the need for ophthalmologic and dermatologic interventions to treat complications such as keratitis and secondary infection. Complications can affect long-term quality of life and require multidisciplinary management. Conclusion: The review highlighted the importance of a careful clinical and surgical approach in the management of Stevens-Johnson syndrome. Clinical manifestations are severe and can lead to significant complications, making implementation of effective treatment strategies and continued surveillance of potential surgical implications essential. Early identification and appropriate intervention are crucial to improve outcomes and minimize complications associated with the syndrome.