CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS OF APPENDICITIS IN PEDIATRIC PATIENTS: SURGICAL MANAGEMENT AND POSTOPERATIVE CARE CONSIDERATIONS

Abstract

Appendicitis is one of the most common surgical emergencies in pediatric practice, characterized by inflammation of the vermiform appendix. In pediatric patients, their clinical presentation can vary significantly, often complicated by difficulty communicating specific symptoms. Early detection and appropriate management are essential to avoid serious complications such as appendiceal perforation. Surgical management and post-operative care play a crucial role in the recovery of these patients, ensuring both the resolution of the acute condition and the prevention of future complications. Objective: This systematic review aims to synthesize the available evidence on the clinical manifestations of appendicitis in pediatric patients, explore best practices in surgical management and provide recommendations for post-operative care, with the aim of guiding healthcare professionals in improving the management of this condition. specific condition. Methodology: The methodology followed the PRISMA guidelines. The PubMed, Scielo and Web of Science databases were searched using the descriptors "appendicitis", "pediatric", "clinical manifestations", "surgical management", and "postoperative care". The inclusion criteria were studies published in the last 10 years, focused on pediatric patients with a confirmed diagnosis of appendicitis, and that addressed clinical aspects, surgical management or postoperative care. Exclusion criteria included studies in adults, isolated case reports and non-systematic reviews. Results: The results highlighted the variety of clinical presentations of appendicitis in children, the importance of early diagnostic evaluation, different surgical approaches and strategies to optimize postoperative recovery. Potential complications and the need for long-term surveillance were also discussed, offering valuable insights for clinical practice. Conclusion: This review reiterates the complexity of appendicitis in pediatric patients and the need for a multidisciplinary approach. Early identification of symptoms, appropriate surgical management and post-operative care are crucial to minimize complications and promote complete recovery of patients. More research is needed to refine treatment protocols and improve long-term outcomes for this specific population.