PROLACTINOMA: FROM DIAGNOSIS TO CLINICAL AND SURGICAL MANAGEMENT

Abstract

Hyperprolactinemia can occur due to physiological factors such as pregnancy and breastfeeding, or pathological conditions like pituitary adenoma. Prolactinoma is diagnosed through hormonal investigations in symptomatic patients, or through imaging studies, which should always be supplemented by laboratory tests. Treatment typically involves dopamine agonists, with cabergoline being the most common, followed by bromocriptine and lisuride. In cases where medication is ineffective or in specific situations, such as macroprolactinomas affecting vision, transsphenoidal surgery may be necessary.