VOICES OF DIVERSITY: PERSPECTIVES ON HOMOSEXUALITY THROUGH PERSONAL EXPERIENCES

Abstract

Objective - The purpose of this study was to investigate the social representation of homosexuality and the perceptions of prejudice, and challenges faced by homosexuals. Method - Based on a literature review covering various areas of knowledge, such as Psychology, Sociology, and History, it became possible to contextualize the debate on the origin and social construction of homosexuality throughout history. The research was carried out with six participants over the age of 18 from the cities of São Mateus and Linhares, in the state of Espírito Santo. Using a qualitative approach, semi-structured interviews were conducted to collect data on the concept of homosexuality, the process of discovering one's sexual orientation, acceptance, and social repercussions after revealing one's homosexuality, and the participants' life projects since then. Results - The results revealed a diversity of conceptions about homosexuality, sometimes defined as same-sex attraction, sexual orientation, or even as a social construction; regarding the origin of homosexuality itself, there were diverse expressions, including genetic, social, and even religious factors. For some, the discovery of homosexuality occurred in childhood and/or adolescence, in some cases through personal experiences or their perception of homosexual traits. Acceptance of one's sexual orientation was considered crucial by the participants, as it was the first step towards recognizing one's sexual identity. However, coming out as homosexual was described as a challenging process. Conclusion - The results indicate the complexity of experiencing homosexuality, involving individual, family, and social issues. The research contributes to a better understanding of the diversity of experiences of homosexuals, highlighting the importance of recognition and acceptance of sexual identity for the well-being and personal fulfillment of individuals.