EVALUATION OF CHRONIC STRESS AS AN ETIOLOGY FOR DERMATOLOGICAL DISEASES

Abstract

Chronic stress is a phenomenon widely recognized for its adverse effects on physical and mental health. Although its effects have predominantly been associated with psychological disorders, increasing evidence suggests its contribution to the development of dermatological diseases. The skin, as the largest organ in the human body, is highly sensitive to changes in emotional state, reflecting the impact of chronic stress on its function and integrity. Understanding the interaction between chronic stress and dermatological diseases is crucial for a holistic approach to treating and preventing these conditions. Objective: To critically examine the available literature on the relationship between chronic stress and dermatological diseases, evaluating their etiology and underlying mechanisms. Methodology: The review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. The PubMed, Scielo and Web of Science databases were searched for articles published in the last 10 years. The descriptors used were "stress", "chronic stress", "dermatological diseases", "skin disorders" and "psychodermatology". The inclusion criteria were studies that investigated the association between chronic stress and dermatological diseases, studies published in English or Portuguese, and studies in humans. Exclusion criteria were studies with non-representative samples, studies focusing exclusively on psychological disorders and studies with inappropriate methods. Results: The review revealed a significant correlation between chronic stress and a variety of dermatological diseases, including atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, acne and alopecia. Immunological, neuroendocrine, and behavioral mechanisms have been implicated in the pathogenesis of these conditions. Exacerbated inflammatory response and skin barrier dysfunction have been identified as key mediators. Conclusion: Chronic stress emerges as a relevant etiological factor for dermatological diseases, highlighting the importance of integrative approaches in the treatment of these conditions. A comprehensive understanding of these interactions can guide more effective and holistic therapeutic interventions, targeting not only physical symptoms but also underlying psychosocial factors.