THE USE OF BIOTECHNOLOGY IN ANTIBIOTIC PRODUCTION: AN INTEGRATIVE REVIEW

Abstract

Antibiotics are substances produced by microorganisms that inhibit the growth of bacteria, causing their destruction, and can be produced naturally, synthetically, or semi-synthetically. Natural antibiotics are those excreted by fungi and bacteria, along with other compounds during fermentation. To obtain them in pure form, it is necessary to recover the product of interest at the end of the process. The objective of the study consists of the biotechnological processes that can be used to produce effective antibiotics. This is an integrative literature review, with a search for materials that corresponded to the period from 2013 to 2022, the study was built on the bases of SciElo, PubMed and Google Academic. The descriptors used were antibiotic, biotechnology, fermentative process and pathogenic bacteria. The pharmaceutical industries have sought constant development of techniques related to biotechnology to obtain safe antibiotics. Therefore, it was possible to identify some techniques used for production, bringing improvement and quality of life to the human being.