THE R1 SHOCK: BURNOUT SYNDROME AND PSYCHOLOGICAL VULNERABILITY IN THE TRANSITION TO MEDICAL RESIDENCY

Abstract

This article aimed to analyze the occurrence of burnout syndrome during the transition from medical school to medical residency, with an emphasis on the first year of residency (R1), its associated factors, and prevention and management strategies. This study consists of an integrative literature review conducted through searches in the PubMed, SciELO, and Virtual Health Library (VHL) databases, covering studies published over the past ten years in Portuguese and English. The results revealed substantial variation in burnout prevalence estimates, associated with the heterogeneity of the instruments and criteria used for its assessment. The main factors associated with the development of the syndrome included high workloads, gaps in practical preparation during medical school, and reduced support networks during the transition period. In addition, preventive and management strategies were identified, including boot camps, well-being programs, mentoring, and improved access to mental health services. It is concluded that preventing and addressing burnout during medical residency requires an integrated institutional approach, with measures aimed at preparing medical students, providing psychological support, and improving training and working conditions.