ACUTE LYMPHOBLASTIC LEUKEMIA (ALL) IN CHILDHOOD: EARLY DIAGNOSIS, IMPACTS ON PROGNOSIS, AND TREATMENT

Abstract

Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) is the most common hematological malignancy in childhood and is characterized by the uncontrolled proliferation of lymphoblasts in the bone marrow, impairing the normal production of blood cells. Early diagnosis and hematological monitoring are important for disease control and for achieving an effective therapeutic response. Objective: This study aims to examine advances in diagnostic techniques and chemotherapeutic and other therapeutic approaches for ALL, as well as their influence on the prognosis of treated children. Methodology: This is a descriptive bibliographic review with a qualitative approach, based on the survey and analysis of scientific publications related to Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) in the pediatric population from 2015 to 2025. The review focuses on clinical information and laboratory findings, including complete blood counts, bone marrow aspiration (myelogram), and immunophenotyping. Results: The findings are expected to demonstrate the importance of early diagnosis and regular laboratory monitoring in improving clinical outcomes, increasing treatment effectiveness, and promoting better pediatric care for patients with ALL.