GLP-1 RECEPTOR AGONISTS FOR WEIGHT LOSS: POTENTIAL METABOLIC AND NUTRITIONAL REPERCUSSIONS ASSOCIATED WITH REDUCED FOOD INTAKE – AN INTEGRATIVE LITERATURE REVIEW

Abstract

The use of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists, such as semaglutide, has become increasingly common among individuals seeking weight loss. However, the use of these medications without professional guidance and appropriate lifestyle changes may be associated with metabolic and nutritional repercussions. Objective: To analyze potential metabolic, laboratory, and nutritional alterations associated with the use of these substances. Methodology: This is an integrative study based on a review of scientific literature, drawing from articles published in recognized databases that address the physiological and metabolic effects of these drugs. Results: The studies analyzed indicated that the reduction in food intake prompted by GLP-1 receptor agonists can lead to nutritional inadequacies—particularly when such reduction is intense or prolonged—and is also associated with metabolic and gastrointestinal changes. It is concluded that, while effective under medical supervision, the indiscriminate use of GLP-1 agonists may emerge as a public health issue, necessitating integrated actions—including health regulation, health education, and the oversight of advertising—to ensure therapeutic safety and equitable access.