VULNERABILITIES AND MITIGATION STRATEGIES IN HOME IOT: AN INTEGRATIVE LITERATURE REVIEW

Abstract

The Internet of Things (IoT) has fostered the integration of smart devices into home environments, expanding connectivity and home automation. However, this expansion intensifies cybersecurity and user privacy challenges. This study investigated key vulnerabilities in home IoT devices and mitigation strategies described in the literature. An integrative review was conducted following PRISMA 2020 guidelines and structured using the PICo strategy; searches were performed across CAPES, Scopus, Web of Science, IEEE Xplore, and ACM Digital Library databases, resulting in the selection of 12 studies published between 2018 and 2024. Thematic analysis identified three categories: device layer, network layer, and user layer. Results indicate that the most recurring vulnerabilities are default passwords, outdated firmware, insecure protocols, and low user awareness. The most recommended mitigation strategies involve robust authentication, encryption, network segmentation, and digital security education. As an original contribution, a Home IoT Security Framework is proposed, comprising a vulnerability taxonomy, a mitigation matrix, and an integrated conceptual model. The study concludes that protecting home IoT requires an integrated approach that coordinates technology, education, and regulation.