CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF BUILDING INFORMATION MODELING (BIM) IN THE CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY: BENEFITS AND CHALLENGES

Abstract

The construction industry has historically been characterized by high consumption of natural resources, significant waste generation, and low productivity compared with other industrial sectors. In this context, Building Information Modeling (BIM) emerges as an innovative practice capable of integrating project development and construction execution, promoting efficiency and sustainability throughout the project lifecycle. This study aims to critically analyze the advantages and challenges of implementing this methodology in the Brazilian construction sector, identifying key factors that influence its adoption. The research was based on a systematized literature review of national and international publications from 1998 to 2024, complemented by the analysis of real implementation cases. The results indicate significant improvements in interdisciplinary collaboration, reductions in rework, and gains in cost accuracy and sustainability, although high initial costs, extended learning curves, and cultural resistance to change still pose barriers to widespread adoption. It is concluded that BIM represents a vector for digital and managerial transformation in the sector, whose consolidation in Brazil depends on continuous investment in workforce training, standardization, and integrated public policies.