TAKAYASU ARTERITIS: A NARRATIVE LITERATURE REVIEW

Abstract

This article discusses Takayasu arteritis (TA), a chronic vasculitis that affects large vessels, focusing on its epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment. The review covers recent advances in imaging diagnostics, highlighting the importance of magnetic resonance angiography (MR-Ang) and contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT-Ang) in the early detection of arterial stenoses and occlusions. These modalities are essential for monitoring disease progression and treatment response. The paper also explores therapeutic options, such as the use of corticosteroids, immunosuppressants (methotrexate and azathioprine), and biologic agents (IL-6 inhibitors), which have significantly improved clinical outcomes. Additionally, severe complications associated with TA, such as renovascular hypertension and ischemic events, which increase morbidity risk, are discussed. The discussion of surgical and endovascular interventions is also deepened, with an emphasis on the high rate of restenosis following endovascular procedures. Finally, the article emphasizes the importance of rigorous clinical follow-up and the need for further studies to optimize TA management and treatment strategies.