EARLY MOBILIZATION IN THE POSTOPERATIVE PERIOD OF MYOCARDIAL REVASCULARIZATION: INTEGRATIVE LITERATURE REVIEW

Abstract

Early mobilization in the postoperative period of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) has proven to be an essential strategy for reducing respiratory, musculoskeletal, and cardiovascular complications, promoting functional recovery, and shortening hospital length of stay. This study aims to analyze, through an integrative literature review, the effects and benefits of early mobilization in patients undergoing CABG surgery, highlighting the clinical parameters used and the importance of physiotherapeutic intervention in the rehabilitation process. The research was conducted in recognized databases such as PubMed, Scielo, LILACS, and Google Scholar, considering publications from 2019 to 2025. Studies addressing early mobilization in intensive care units and in the immediate postoperative period were included, with emphasis on functional outcomes, hemodynamic parameters, and mechanical ventilation time. The results showed that early mobilization significantly contributes to improved pulmonary capacity, maintenance of peripheral muscle strength, hemodynamic stability, and reduction of respiratory infections, in addition to facilitating the early resumption of activities of daily living. The physiotherapist's role proved indispensable, both in prescribing and monitoring exercises, ensuring patient safety and the effectiveness of the applied protocol. It is concluded that early mobilization is a highly relevant physiotherapeutic resource, both clinically and scientifically, and should be incorporated as a fundamental component of postoperative care for patients undergoing CABG. This study reinforces the importance of standardized protocols, multidisciplinary training, and greater encouragement of clinical research in the field of cardiopulmonary physiotherapy, especially in the Brazilian context, where longitudinal studies on the topic remain scarce.