COMPARATIVE EPIDEMIOLOGY OF HIV/AIDS: AN ANALYSIS OF CASES IN FOZ DO IGUAÇU, CASCAVEL, PARANÁ, AND BRAZIL

Abstract

This study compared the epidemiology of HIV in Brazil and the municipalities of Foz do Iguaçu and Cascavel (state of Paraná) between 2015 and 2023. Secondary data from DATASUS and SINAN were used to estimate detection rates, compare temporal trends, distribution by sex and age group, and investigate associated factors. A decline in AIDS detection rates was observed in all locations, and the differences between the municipalities and the state were not statistically significant, supporting the null hypothesis. Foz do Iguaçu was influenced by cross‑border mobility and migratory flows, whereas Cascavel functioned as a regional health hub. The findings underscore the need to maintain prevention policies, expand access to antiretroviral therapy and PrEP, and develop targeted interventions for key populations and border regions.