CLINICAL AND THERAPEUTIC APPROACH TO CANINE SPLENIC HEMANGIOSARCOMA: RESTROSPECTIVE STUDY AND CASE REPORT

Abstract

Hemangiosarcoma is a malignant and aggressive neoplasm of endothelial origin, common in geriatric dogs, especially those between 9 and 11 years of age. It can present in visceral or non-visceral forms, with a high metastatic potential. Its etiology involves genetic factors and chronic sun exposure, particularly in animals with light and sparse coats. Clinical signs vary depending on the tumor location and the presence of metastases. Diagnosis is based on clinical, laboratory, ultrasound, cytological, and histopathological examinations. Surgery is the treatment of choice, with palliative treatment indicated in inoperable cases. This study reports a case of splenic hemangiosarcoma in a 9-year-old spayed female dog who presented with abdominal enlargement, apathy, and loss of appetite. Laboratory tests and abdominal ultrasound indicated the presence of a neoplasm, prompting exploratory celiotomy and splenectomy due to total spleen involvement. Histopathological analysis confirmed the diagnosis of hemangiosarcoma. The patient responded well to surgical treatment, with excellent healing and no recurrence during the one-year postoperative follow-up period.