THE ROLE OF NURSES IN MANAGING VASCULAR ACCESS FOR HEMODIALYSIS: CARE AND PUNCTURE TECHNIQUE

Abstract

This study aimed to analyze nurses' performance in managing vascular access for hemodialysis, emphasizing care, puncture technique, and complication prevention, with a focus on patient safety and treatment effectiveness. This integrative literature review, using a descriptive-exploratory approach, collected, and analyzed studies published between 2019 and 2025, available in full text and in Portuguese in the Virtual Health Library. Ninety-one articles were initially identified, of which, after applying eligibility and exclusion criteria, 16 studies remained for detailed analysis. The research demonstrated that the arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is the preferred vascular access because it offers greater durability and a lower risk of complications, followed by the arteriovenous prosthesis (VAP) and the central venous catheter (CVC), which is used temporarily. The nurse's role in assessment, monitoring, puncture performance, patient education, and prevention of complications was highlighted, as well as the importance of ongoing team training to ensure treatment safety. The conclusion is that proper vascular access management is essential for the effectiveness of hemodialysis and for improving the quality of life of chronic kidney patients. Evidence-based protocols, constant monitoring, and multidisciplinary integration contribute to reducing complications and ensuring treatment continuity.