EFFECTIVENESS OF TRANEXAMIC ACID TREATMENT IN CRANIOBRAIN INJURIES IN EMERGENCY MEDICINE: RECENT EVIDENCE

Abstract

Tranexamic acid (TXA) has been used as an adjunctive treatment for hemorrhage control in several clinical settings, including traumatic brain injury (TBI). This study aims to review the effectiveness of TXA in patients with TBI treated in emergency settings, based on recent evidence. The integrative review analyzed randomized clinical trials, observational studies, and meta-analyses, focusing on outcomes related to mortality, control of intracranial bleeding, and neurological recovery. The results indicate that early administration of TXA significantly reduces bleeding volume and mortality in patients with TBI, especially when administered in the first hours after trauma. However, the evidence on improved functional recovery is inconclusive, with some studies showing benefits and others finding no significant differences. The safety of TXA use was generally favorable, but thromboembolic events were observed in risk subgroups. It is concluded that, although TXA is an effective intervention in hemorrhage control, its impact on neurological recovery and safety in specific populations still requires further investigation.