UPDATE ON TYPHOID FEVER: AN ONGOING THREAT TO PUBLIC HEALTH

Autores

  • Zeca Manuel Salimo Faculty of Health Sciences, Lúrio University, Nampula, Mozambique
  • Líria Elias Manhiça Faculty of Health Sciences, Lúrio University, Nampula, Mozambique.
  • Alexandre Simão Biquiza Faculty of Health Sciences, Lúrio University, Nampula, Mozambique
  • Ribeiro Vasco Ribeiro Faculty of Health Sciences, Lúrio University, Nampula, Mozambique
  • Ana Raquel Ernesto Manuel Gotine Faculty of Health Sciences, Lúrio University, Nampula, Mozambique
  • João Viriato Mazalo Faculty of Health Sciences, Lúrio University, Nampula, Mozambique
  • Egon Bernardo Mualeite Faculty of Health Sciences, Lúrio University, Nampula, Mozambique
  • Brenna Késia Ferreira da Silva Postgraduate Program in Chemistry, Federal University of Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil
  • Victor Irungo Mwangi State University of Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil
  • Gafar Jacinto Juma Faculty of Health Sciences, Lúrio University, Nampula, Mozambique
  • Elizangela Farias da Silva State University of Amazonas, Tabatinga, Brazil
  • Adele Schwartz Benzaken AIDS Healthcare Foundation (AHF), Los Angeles, CA, USA
  • Alarquia Aly Saíde Faculty of Health Sciences, Lúrio University, Nampula, Mozambique

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.51891/rease.v10i6.13911

Palavras-chave:

Typhoid fever. Salmonella typhi. Hygiene. Global Health.

Resumo

Typhoid fever is a bacterial infection caused by the gram-negative bacterium Salmonella enterica subspecies Serovar typhi, transmitted mainly by contaminated water or food. Lack of access to safe drinking water and adequate sanitation in areas with poor hygiene conditions is a determining factor for the spread of the disease, making it more prevalent in developing countries. Prevention is essential to control typhoid fever, and measures such as vaccination, improvement of sanitary conditions and awareness campaigns on personal hygiene and food safety are key to reduce its incidence. Proper treatment with antibiotics is crucial to avoid serious complications. Antibiotic resistance has become an increasing challenge in the treatment of typhoid fever, highlighting the need for research and alternative strategies. This review aims to provide information on the epidemiology, diagnosis of typhoid fever and an update on novel medications used to prevent typhoid fever in developing countries.

Biografia do Autor

Zeca Manuel Salimo, Faculty of Health Sciences, Lúrio University, Nampula, Mozambique

PhD in Tropical and Infectious Diseases from the Postgraduate Program in Tropical Medicine at the State University of Amazonas.Affiliations: a. Faculty of Health Sciences, Lúrio University, Nampula, Mozambique; b. Postgraduate Program in Tropical Medicine, State University of Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil 

Líria Elias Manhiça, Faculty of Health Sciences, Lúrio University, Nampula, Mozambique.

Graduated in Biomedical Laboratory Technology from the Instituto Superior de Ciências de Saúde de Moçambique. Affiliation: Faculty of Health Sciences, Lúrio University, Nampula, Mozambique.

Alexandre Simão Biquiza, Faculty of Health Sciences, Lúrio University, Nampula, Mozambique

Master's degree in pharmacology from the Postgraduate Program in Pharmacology at Escola Paulista de Medicina. Affiliation: Faculty of Health Sciences, Lúrio University, Nampula, Mozambique.

Ribeiro Vasco Ribeiro, Faculty of Health Sciences, Lúrio University, Nampula, Mozambique

Graduated in Pharmacy from the Faculty of Health Sciences at Universidade Lúrio. Affiliation: Faculty of Health Sciences, Lúrio University, Nampula, Mozambique. 

Ana Raquel Ernesto Manuel Gotine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Lúrio University, Nampula, Mozambique

PhD student in Public Health, University of São Paulo. Affiliations: a.Faculty of Health Sciences, Lúrio University, Nampula, Mozambique;  b. Department of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.

João Viriato Mazalo, Faculty of Health Sciences, Lúrio University, Nampula, Mozambique

Master’s in health sciences from the Federal University of Amazonas. Affiliation: Faculty of Health Sciences, Lúrio University, Nampula, Mozambique. 

Egon Bernardo Mualeite, Faculty of Health Sciences, Lúrio University, Nampula, Mozambique

Master’s student in Dentistry at the Faculty of Dentistry UFG. Affiliation: Faculty of Health Sciences, Lúrio University, Nampula, Mozambique. 

Brenna Késia Ferreira da Silva, Postgraduate Program in Chemistry, Federal University of Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil

Master’s student in Natural Product Chemistry at the Federal University of Amazonas. Affiliation: Postgraduate Program in Chemistry, Federal University of Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil. 

Victor Irungo Mwangi, State University of Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil

PhD in Tropical and infectious diseases from the State University of Amazonas in agreement with the Tropical Medicine Foundation Doutor Heitor Vieira Dourado. Affiliation: Postgraduate Program in Tropical Medicine, State University of Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil.

Gafar Jacinto Juma, Faculty of Health Sciences, Lúrio University, Nampula, Mozambique

Graduated in Biology and Health from Eduardo Mondlane University. Affiliation: Faculty of Health Sciences, Lúrio University, Nampula, Mozambique. 

Elizangela Farias da Silva, State University of Amazonas, Tabatinga, Brazil

Gold in Basic and Applied Immunology from the Federal University of Amazonas. Affiliation: Center for Higher Studies of Tabatinga, State University of Amazonas, Tabatinga, Brazil eliz.biotec@gmail.com

Adele Schwartz Benzaken, AIDS Healthcare Foundation (AHF), Los Angeles, CA, USA

PhD in Public Health from FIOCRUZ / National School of Public Health. Affiliation: AIDS Healthcare Foundation (AHF), Los Angeles, CA, USA.

Alarquia Aly Saíde, Faculty of Health Sciences, Lúrio University, Nampula, Mozambique

PhD student in applied dental sciences at the Bauru School of Dentistry at USP. Affiliations: a. Faculty of Health Sciences, Lúrio University, Nampula, Mozambique; b. Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo Bauru, Brazil.

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Publicado

2024-06-01

Como Citar

Salimo, Z. M., Manhiça, L. E., Biquiza, A. S., Ribeiro, R. V., Gotine, A. R. E. M., Mazalo, J. V., … Saíde, A. A. (2024). UPDATE ON TYPHOID FEVER: AN ONGOING THREAT TO PUBLIC HEALTH. Revista Ibero-Americana De Humanidades, Ciências E Educação, 10(6), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.51891/rease.v10i6.13911

Edição

v. 10 n. 6 (2024): Revista Ibero-Americana de Humanidades, Ciências e Educação- REASE

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Atribuição CC BY