CORRELATION, APPLICABILITY AND EFFECTIVENESS OF BOTULINUM TOXIN TYPE A FOR THE TREATMENT AND PREVENTION OF FACIAL WRINKLES: A LITERATURE REVIEW

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Wrinkles are just a sign of skin aging. This is mainly due to the loss of collagen - a substance responsible for supporting the skin - and also occurs when we lose elastin (which increases the sagging of the skin) and hyaluronic acid responsible for filling it. In addition, the repetition of facial expressions - such as "frowning" or "squinting" - will make the face marked in that place, gradually increasing the muscle strength of the region, marking these expressions more and more, since wrinkles can be divided into two types: dynamic wrinkles, wrinkles that are visible when we do some muscle exercises - they can be expression lines on the forehead, around the eyes or between the eyebrows - static wrinkles, which appear even when the face is still because they are already deeper NS. METHODOLOGY: The present work is characterized as an integrative literature review. Where it is highlighted that the integrative literature review is the search for evidence to achieve and overcome challenges, given the exponential increase in updated information in the health sector, which will carry out a search in the databases using the Descriptors in Health Sciences (DeCS ): Botulinum toxin; facial wrinkles; treatment. These descriptors will be crossed in the databases using the Boolean operator AND (Botulinum toxin AND facial wrinkles AND treatment). RESULTS: the articles used fit within the inclusion and exclusion criteria previously established, in the last five years (2016 to 2021), resulting in a total of 5 articles, 2 from 2020, 1 articles from 2016, 1 article de 2018 and 1 de 2021. DISCUSSION: Botulinum toxin must be injected intramuscularly into the human body. This neurotoxin then works to call receptors at the ends of the motor nerves, as it blocks the muscle from contacting the nerve endings. CONCLUSION: Since facial wrinkles caused by muscle hyperkinetics and skin aging, it was observed that these can be treated with botulinum toxin type A, as this type of toxin applied in the treatment of dynamic and static wrinkles can promote facial symmetry and make make the face look less tired and aged.